Ukuba kukho into enzima ukuyifunda ngeelwimi kwaye ithiyiwe kakhulu ngabafundi, kunjalo Ukudibanisa izenzi kwisiFrentshi. Ngethamsanqa, kulwimi lweenkobe lwaseFrance, imigaqo-siseko yokuhlangana iyafana naleyo siyisebenzisa ngeSpanish, ngale nto sithetha ukuba izenzi ziguqulwa ngokwesihloko esizenzayo kunye nexesha (elidlulileyo, elangoku okanye elizayo) ezenzekayo.
Ulwimi lwesiFrentshi lunamaxesha ezenzi ali-16 xa zizonke, ezi zi-5 zezona zisetyenziswa rhoqo nezibandakanya uninzi lweziganeko. Namhlanje siza kukunika iindlela ezi-4 / amanyathelo ukuze ukwazi ukudibanisa ngokulula izenzi zesiFrentshi.
Ifom No. 1: Ukunyanzelwa kokudibana
Ukubumba izenzi
Khumbula ukuba indibaniselwano iyafana "nokubumba" isenzi ngokwezifundo ubhekisa kuzo, oku kuyenzeka nangeSpanish, njengomzekelo: singathi "bayaxhuma" kodwa kuyacaca ukuba singasitshintsha isenzi "ukutsiba" ukuba umntu okanye mandithi, umxholo owenzayo ngu "wena". Ukuba siya kwisiFrentshi, ukudibanisa kuyafana: isifundo ngasinye (thina, bona, wena) sinokudibanisa okwahlukileyo.
Khumbula izimelabizo
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibanisa izenzi zesiFrentshi khumbula ukuba zeziphi izimelabizo ezisetyenziswe kolu lwimi, enegama elongezelelweyo kwiSpanish.
- Ndi = heh.
- Yena, yena, ngu = il, elle, ku.
- Wena = wena.
- Thina = Nous.
- Bona, Bona = ils, bona.
- Wena okanye wena = kakhulu.
Gcina ukhumbula izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwizenzi
Ukuba isenzi asinakho ukudibana okuhambelanayo, saziwa njenge- "infinitive". Kulwimi lwesiSpanish, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomlomo kwiziphelelisi ziphela ngo-ar, ir, kunye no-er (umzekelo ukuhamba, ukubaleka, njlnjl.). Kulwimi lwesiFrentshi, i-infinitives inezenzi ezinje nge-ale (ukuya) okanye ukuphendula (ukuphendula). Okungapheliyo kwenza isiseko sesenzi kwaye yinto eguqulweyo xa siyinika indibaniselwano oyifunayo.
Chonga izenzi ezibizwa njalo (zintathu zizonke)
Uninzi lwezenzi zesiFrentshi zingohlulwa-hlulwa zibe ziindidi ezi-3 ngokungqinelana nesiphelo sesiphelo esingqinelanayo. Uhlobo ngalunye lubandakanya imigaqo emininzi yokudibanisa kwaye kufuneka uyazi ukuze udibanise izenzi zesiFrentshi.
-Izenzi eziphela ngo "hamba": kwizenzi ezinje ngo "ukuqhwaba izandla" (ukuqhwaba izandla) kunye no "gqiba" (gqiba).
-Izenzi eziphela ngo "re": kubandakanya izenzi ezinje ngo "qonda" (mamela).
-Izenzi eziphela ngo "er": kwizenzi ezinje "ngomkhumbi" (ukutya) okanye "parler" (ukuthetha).
Funda izenzi ezingaqhelekanga
Njengakuzo zonke iilwimi, kwaye isiFrentshi ayisiyonto ikhethekileyo, kukho izenzi ezayeka ukusebenzisa imigaqo efanayo yokudibanisa nezinye, kwezi zikhethiweyo, uninzi lwamaxesha ezenzi ahlukile, ke kwizenzi ezingaqhelekanga zihlala zikhangelwa ngokukhawuleza izihlanganisi.
Siza kukubonisa uluhlu apho unokufumana khona izenzi ezingaqhelekanga ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.
- Ncedisa:
- Ufuna = Vouloir
- Yenza = Faire
- Yiya = Aller
- Yiba = Ukuphepha
- Beka, indawo = iMettre
Ifom N2: Ukudibanisa izenzi zesiFrentshi kwixesha elidlulileyo = passรฉ composรฉ
Sebenzisa okulula okudlulileyo kwizenzi eziphele kwixesha elidlulileyo
Ipasishi eyenziweyo okanye elula eyadlulayo isetyenziselwa izenzi apho isiqalo nesiphelo sawo zimiselwe kakuhle, umzekelo โNdiphose ipensileโ okanye โbabaleke kakhuluโ. Kwizenzi ezenzeka rhoqo kwixesha elidlulileyo, njengexesha lemeteorological, kusetyenziswe elinye ixesha lesenzi. Ixesha elidlulileyo elilula okanye i-passรฉ composรฉ lixesha elidlulileyo eliqhelekileyo kulwimi lwesiFrentshi.
Xubusha isenzi esithi "avoir" ngoku
Ukuze uqalise ukudibanisa izenzi zesiFrentshi ukusuka kwixesha elidlulileyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le yokugqibela yenza ixesha lokudibanisa, oko kukuthi, lenziwe ngamacandelo amabini. Inxalenye yokuqala yenziwa ngokudibanisa isenzi ukuze ube (avoir), oya kuthi ugcwalise umsebenzi ofanayo nesenzi esithi "ukuba" kulwimi lwesiSpanish, umzekelo "ndiyenzile" okanye "Ubophile". Masikukhumbuze ngokudibana kwesenzi esithi "avoir":
- Yiba = Ukuphepha = elles ont, tu as, ja'a, vous avez, il a, nous avons.
Fumana inxaxheba edlulileyo yezenzo
Ukuba sihlalutya isivakalisi "Ndibalekile", uyabona ukuba "ukubaleka" akufani nokudibanisa isenzo "ukubaleka", oku kuyenzeka kulwimi lwesiFrentshi, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwezenzo kwixesha elidlulileyo kuneendlela Ukuphela okwahlukileyo, kwaye eyona nto intle kukuba akukho nzima ukuyikhumbula:
- Izenzi eziphela ku โerโ: โeโ Umzekelo: montrรฉ
- Izenzi eziphela ngo "go": "i" Umzekelo: rรฉussi
- Izenzi eziphela ngo "re": "u" Umzekelo. Ndaqonda
Edlulileyo = Joyina la macandelo mabini
Into ekufuneka uyenzile ngoku kukudibanisa ukudibanisa kwesenzi esithi "avoir" kunye nenxaxheba edlulileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko siya kuba nexesha lesenzi ngaphambili. Ukuba sithetha ngokulingana, ukulingana kwesiSpanish esikubonileyo kwinqaku elidlulileyo kuya kuba "Ndibalekile" okanye "Badubule", nangona ingaguqulelwa njengo "ndabaleka" okanye "Badubule" ". Imizekelo:
- Umntu wokuqala: "ai + isenzi" ndithethile = Ndiyithethile
- Umntu wesibini "njenge + isenzi" Ugqibile = Utsho njalo
- Umntu wesithathu "isenzi +" weva = Il compreu.
- Umntu wokuqala ubuninzi "i-avons + isenzi" Siphumelele = Nous avons rรฉussi
- Umntu wesibini isininzi "avez + isenzi" Uzamile = Isincoko esinamandla
- Umntu wesithathu kwisininzi "ont + isenzi" Baphendule = Elles ont repondu.
Izenzi ezisebenzisayo ibe endaweni ye-avoir
Phantse zonke izinto ezenziwayo ngesiFrentshi zisebenzisa ifomula (i-avoir + ethathe inxaxheba), nangona kunjalo, ukwenza ulungelelwaniso lwezenzo ezithile kwinto elula edlulileyo kufuneka sisebenzise: njengezenzo zexesha elidlulileyo (umzekelo: ndiwile). Izenzi ezikhankanyiweyo zezi:
- phumla, yiba phantsi, uze, ubuye, monter, hamba, u-arriver, bethuna, u-sortir, aller, naรฎtre, entrer, rentrer, retourner, lililo.
Ezi zenzi zaziwa njengezenzi ezi-intransitive.
Sebenzisa ยซรชtreยป endaweni ye ยซavoirยป
Kuya kufuneka sikwenze oku ukudibanisa izenzi ngesiFrentshi esizikhankanyileyo kwinyathelo elidlulileyo. Nje ukuba sifunde ukuba zeziphi izenzi ekufuneka zidityaniswe ยซibeยป(" Ukuba ") kufuneka sibajoyine kwinto edlulileyo ukuze sibanike ukungqinelana kwabo kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkcukacha ekufuneka igcinwe engqondweni kukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kufuneka kulungelelaniswe nomntu owenza isenzo. Kwisininzi sezifundo "s" kongezwa kwinto ethathiweyo kwaye kubantu ababhinqileyo unobumba "e" uyongezwa:
- Umntu wokuqala (isenzi + isenzi) Yo caรญ = (Kwimeko ekhankanyiweyo umntu obhinqileyo) Ndingu suis bethuna
- Umntu wesibini (es + isenzi) Uwile = Ungcwabeni
- Umntu wesithathu (est + isenzi) Wawa = Il est tombรฉ
- Umntu wokuqala wobuninzi (sommes + isenzi) Siwile = Nous sommes bethuna
- Umntu wesibini kwisininzi (รชtes + isenzi) Uwile = Unayo i-tombs
- Umntu wesithathu isininzi (sont + isenzi) Bawa = Ngamangcwaba
IFom yesi-3: Ukudibanisa okwangoku
Okwangoku = Ukuziqhelanisa / ngoku
Kuya kufuneka usebenzise okwangoku xa isenzi sisetyenziswa ngendlela yesiqhelo okanye yangoku. Ngethamsanqa ngesiFrentshi lo msetyenzana usetyenziswa ngoku kufana ncam neSpanish, eli xesha lesenzi lisetyenziselwa ukuguqulela izivakalisi ezinje "Wawisa umthi." Kwizenzi ezahlukeneyo kukho iindidi ezi-3 ezisisiseko kunye nezinye izenzi ezingaqhelekanga (iintshukumo ezingasebenzisi mithetho ngokubanzi). Iindidi ezisisiseko zezenzi zezi:
- Izenzi eziphela ngo "hamba"
- Izenzi eziphela ngo "re"
- Izenzi eziphela "er"
Dibanisa ezo ziphela ngo "er"
Kufuneka sidibanise izenzi ngesiFrentshi eziphela ngo "er", endaweni yoko siphele ngenye; isimelabizo sezimelabizo ngasinye (yena, thina, mna, njl. Iziphelo zezi: e, e, es, ons, ez, ent. Njengomzekelo siza kusebenzisa isenzi "parler" (ukuthetha):
- Umntu wokuqala "e" Ndiyathetha = Ndiyabona
- Umntu wesibini "ngu" Uthetha = Uyathetha
- Umntu wesithathu "e" Uthetha = Il parle
- Umntu wokuqala ubuninzi "ons" Sithetha = Iiploni
- Umntu wesibini isininzi "ez" Uthetha = You parlez
- Umntu wesithathu isininzi "ent" Bayathetha = Elles parlent
Ukudibanisa izenzi zesiFrentshi eziphela ngo "go"
Guqula ezi zenzi ufake esinye isiphelo, oku kwenziwa ngokutshintsha ngokwesimelabizo:
Imveliso, ukukhutshwa, yiyo, yiyo. Siza kusebenzisa indibaniselwano yokuqhwaba (โizandlaโ) njengomzekelo kwesi sihlandlo:
- Umntu wokuqala "ngu" Ndincoma -> J'applaudis.
- Umntu wesibini "ngu" Uqhwabela izandla -> Tu hlamba
- Umntu wesithathu "it" Uqhwaba izandla -> Ndincoma
- Umntu "wokuqala" isininzi "Sincoma ->Iimpompo zikaNous
- Umntu wesibini isininzi "issez" Uqhwaba izandla>> Wenza ihlombe
- Umntu wesithathu isininzi "somenzi" Baqhwaba izandla -> Ils ihlombe,
Dibanisa izenzi eziphela ngo-re
Kule meko siza kuphinda sibuyele endaweni yesiphelo, masigxininise ukuba ezi zizenzi azixhaphakanga, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba wazi indlela yokudibanisa ngokufanayo. Ukuphela kotshintsho akuyi kuba, akukho, ons, ez, ent, s kunye s. Ukudibana komntu wesithathu, oko kukuthi, yena okanye yena, akanalo ukudibana. Njengomzekelo siya kuthatha isenzi ukuphendula (rondprere):
- Umntu wokuqala "" ndiphendula -> Ndiphendule
- Umntu wesibini Uyaphendula -> Iimpendulo zakho
- Umntu wesithathu "akhonto" Uyaphendula -> Iliphendula
- Siphendula -> Nous repldons
- Umntu wesibini isininzi "ez" Uyaphendula -> Uyaphendula
- Umntu wesithathu isininzi "ent" Bayaphendula -> Elles kwakhona
Isifundo sidibanisa rhoqo izenzi ezingaqhelekanga
Ungazi ukuba izenzi ezingaqhelekanga zizininzi, kodwa siyazisola ukukuxelela ukuba kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokuzidibanisa, apha ngezantsi siza kukunika imizekelo embalwa, eseleyo onokuyikhangela ngokubeka "isenzi + isihlanganisi ngesiFrentshi โkuGoogle.
- Unayo = i-avoir = I-avons yakho, i -'ai, vous avez, il a, elles ont, tu as
- Ir = Aller = uyahamba, ndiyahamba, vous allez, elles vont, nous allons, je vais
Ifom N 4: Ukudibanisa izenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo
Izenzi zenziwa kwithuba elithile
Kubalulekile ukuyazi loo nto ukungapheleli okudlulileyo kusetyenziselwa izenzi ezenzeka kwixesha elithile. NgesiSpanish esi sihloko siyafana, ixesha elisetyenzisiweyo lisetyenziswa kwizenzi ezenzeke kwixesha elidlulileyo kodwa hayi ngomzuzu othile (Ex: "Ndadlala ibhasikithi xa ndandineminyaka eli-15 ubudala" okanye "Bacela ipitsa yonke imihla", kule mizekelo unokuba ukhombe kwamanye amaxesha xa be-odola ipitsa okanye bedlala i-basketball)
Ixesha lesenzi kufuneka lisetyenziselwe ukwenza isenzo rhoqo okanye izenzi, ubudala, ixesha lemozulu, imeko yokuba, idatha yokugcwalisa okanye iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha elidlulileyo elidlulileyo lisetyenziselwa iimeko ezenzeka ebalini ("ndatshayela isitalato") kwaye ixesha elidlulileyo elingaphelelanga lisetyenziselwa idatha yokugcwalisa ("ndandineminyaka eli-15 ubudala", "Kwakunamafu")
Fumana ingcambu yezenzo ngokucinezela "ii-ons"
Oku Isebenza kwizenzi zesiFrentshi ezidityanisiweyo kumntu wokuqala ngobuninzi kunye nexesha langokuUkufumana ingcambu, kuya kufuneka ucime iziphelo "ons", ikwasebenzela izenzi ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuba ufuna ukuqala ukudibanisa izenzi zesiFrentshi kwixesha elidlulileyo, cima "ii-ons" ekudibaniseni umntu kunye nexesha elidlulileyo ekuqaleni. Oku kungasetyenziswa okanye kulawulwe kulwimi lwesiSpanish, umzekelo ingcambu yesenzi kunye ngu "no" (ando, andas, andamos, anduviste). Imizekelo:
- Ukunyaniseka = iifosisi = iifayili
- Ukugqibela = finissons = finniss
- Thintela = ii-avons = av
Inye Ngaphandle komgaqo esikhankanyileyo kwaye sisenzi ยซItreยป, Ukuhlangana kwayo kumntu wokuqala isininzi akupheleli kwi "ons" (ยซsouses sommesยซ). Ingcambu yale nyathelo "รฉt".
Dibanisa iziphelo zexesha eligqityiweyo elidlulileyo kwiingcambu
Siza kwenza oku ukufumana ukudibana ngesiFrentshi, ngokungafaniyo nokudlula okanye okulula, okungafezekanga okudlulileyo kwenziwa kwigama. Ke into ekufuneka siyenzile kukudibanisa iziphelo ezingcanjini. Njengomzekelo siya kudibanisa isenzi ukunkcenkceshela (ukujonga):
- Umntu wokuqala (ais) ndakhangela = Heh irrdais
- Umntu wesibini (ais) Ujonge = Uyinkcenkceshela
- Umntu wesithathu (ait) Wajonga = Il irrdait.
- Umntu wokuqala ubuninzi (ions) Sijonge = Imiba enkulu
- Umntu wesibini ubuninzi (iez) Ujonge = Uthetha kakhulu
- Umntu wesithathu isininzi (i-aient) Bajonge = U-Elles unomdla
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isifundo sethu sendlela yokudibanisa izenzi ngesiFrentshi zifikile, siyathemba ukuba ikukhonze, nangona kungekho namnye owathi lulwimi olulula, yinto yokufunda kwaye uyenze. Ngethamsanqa ngayo!
Qaphela: Ukuba ukufunda yonke into kuyindinisa kuwe, sikushiya iividiyo ukuze ufunde ukudibanisa izenzi kulwimi lwesiFrentshi ngokulula, ngakumbi ukuze ufunde Ibizo lesiFrentshi:
Ukudibanisa izenzi eziqhelekileyo kwi-ER
